{
  "summary": "HS chapter 72 covers iron and steel. It has 29 headings, 72.01 to 72.29, and 167 six-digit subheadings in HS2022. Chapter 71, before it, covers natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones, precious metals, metals clad with precious metal, and articles thereof; imitation jewellery; coin; chapter 73, after it, covers articles of iron or steel.",
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-13",
  "facts": [
    {
      "label": "Chapter",
      "value": "72",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #1"
    },
    {
      "label": "Description",
      "value": "Iron and steel",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #1"
    },
    {
      "label": "Headings",
      "value": "29",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #1"
    },
    {
      "label": "Subheadings",
      "value": "167",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #1"
    },
    {
      "label": "Edition",
      "value": "HS2022",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #1"
    }
  ],
  "faq": [
    {
      "question": "What does HS chapter 72 cover?",
      "answer": "HS chapter 72 covers iron and steel."
    },
    {
      "question": "How many headings and subheadings are in HS chapter 72?",
      "answer": "HS chapter 72 has 29 headings and 167 six-digit subheadings in HS2022."
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "id": "covers",
      "title": "What this chapter covers",
      "text": [
        "HS chapter 72 covers iron and steel.",
        "It has 29 headings, 72.01 to 72.29, and 167 six-digit subheadings in HS2022."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "not-covered",
      "title": "What it doesn’t cover",
      "text": [
        "Chapter 71, before it, covers natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones, precious metals, metals clad with precious metal, and articles thereof; imitation jewellery; coin; chapter 73, after it, covers articles of iron or steel."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "structure",
      "title": "How it is structured",
      "text": [
        "Chapter 72 is the first level of the Harmonized System. Its headings add two digits to the chapter number (72.01), and each heading's subheadings add two more."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "other-countries",
      "title": "In other countries",
      "text": [
        "No national tariff lines in chapter 72 are live on border.bot yet. Tariffs built on the Harmonized System use these headings and subheadings and add their own digits after the first six."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "sources",
      "title": "Sources and updates",
      "text": [
        "The Harmonized System legal text comes from border.bot release 1 (edition HS 2022), imported from a file, and has been live since 13 October 2026.",
        "This page was last updated on 13 October 2026.",
        "Guidance from published tariff data, not a binding ruling. For a decision customs must follow, apply to the destination’s customs authority for a binding tariff ruling."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "data": {
    "type": "hs-chapter",
    "edition": "HS2022",
    "chapter": {
      "code": "72",
      "description": "Iron and steel"
    },
    "headings": [
      {
        "code": "7216",
        "description": "Angles, shapes and sections of iron or non-alloy steel",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "721640",
            "description": "L or T sections, not further worked than hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, of a height of 80mm or more"
          },
          {
            "code": "721650",
            "description": "Other angles, shapes and sections, not further worked than hot- rolled, hot-drawn or extruded"
          },
          {
            "code": "721661",
            "description": "Angles, shapes and sections, not further worked than cold-formed or cold-finished: Obtained from flat-rolled products"
          },
          {
            "code": "721669",
            "description": "Angles, shapes and sections, not further worked than cold-formed or cold-finished: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "721691",
            "description": "Other: Cold-formed or cold-finished from flat-rolled products"
          },
          {
            "code": "721699",
            "description": "Other: Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "7217",
        "description": "Wire of iron or non-alloy steel",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "721710",
            "description": "Not plated or coated, whether or not polished"
          },
          {
            "code": "721720",
            "description": "Plated or coated with zinc"
          },
          {
            "code": "721730",
            "description": "Plated or coated with other base metals"
          },
          {
            "code": "721790",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "7218",
        "description": "Stainless steel in ingots or other primary forms; semi-finished products of stainless steel",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "721810",
            "description": "Ingots and other primary forms"
          },
          {
            "code": "721891",
            "description": "Other: Of rectangular (other than square) cross-section"
          },
          {
            "code": "721899",
            "description": "Other: Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "7219",
        "description": "Flat-rolled products of stainless steel, of a width of 600mm or more",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "721911",
            "description": "Not further worked than hot-rolled, in coils: Of a thickness exceeding 10mm"
          },
          {
            "code": "721912",
            "description": "Not further worked than hot-rolled, in coils: Of a thickness of 4.75mm or more but not exceeding 10mm"
          },
          {
            "code": "721913",
            "description": "Not further worked than hot-rolled, in coils: Of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm"
          },
          {
            "code": "721914",
            "description": "Not further worked than hot-rolled, in coils: Of a thickness of less than 3mm"
          },
          {
            "code": "721921",
            "description": "Not further worked than hot-rolled, not in coils: Of a thickness exceeding 10mm"
          },
          {
            "code": "721922",
            "description": "Not further worked than hot-rolled, not in coils: Of a thickness of 4.75mm or more but not exceeding 10mm"
          },
          {
            "code": "721923",
            "description": "Not further worked than hot-rolled, not in coils: Of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm"
          },
          {
            "code": "721924",
            "description": "Not further worked than hot-rolled, not in coils: Of a thickness of less than 3mm"
          },
          {
            "code": "721931",
            "description": "Not further worked than cold-rolled (cold-reduced): Of a thickness of 4.75mm or more"
          },
          {
            "code": "721932",
            "description": "Not further worked than cold-rolled (cold-reduced): Of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm"
          },
          {
            "code": "721933",
            "description": "Not further worked than cold-rolled (cold-reduced): Of a thickness exceeding 1mm but less than 3mm"
          },
          {
            "code": "721934",
            "description": "Not further worked than cold-rolled (cold-reduced): Of a thickness of 0.5mm or more but not exceeding 1mm"
          },
          {
            "code": "721935",
            "description": "Not further worked than cold-rolled (cold-reduced): Of a thickness of less than 0.5mm"
          },
          {
            "code": "721990",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "7220",
        "description": "Flat-rolled products of stainless steel, of a width of less than 600 mm",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "722011",
            "description": "Not further worked than hot-rolled: Of a thickness of 4.75mm or more"
          },
          {
            "code": "722012",
            "description": "Not further worked than hot-rolled: Of a thickness of less than 4.75mm"
          },
          {
            "code": "722020",
            "description": "Not further worked than cold-rolled (cold-reduced)"
          },
          {
            "code": "722090",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "7221",
        "description": "Bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, of stainless steel",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "722100",
            "description": "Bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, of stainless steel"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "7222",
        "description": "Other bars and rods of stainless steel; angles, shapes and sections of stainless steel",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "722211",
            "description": "Bars and rods, not further worked than hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded: Of circular cross-section"
          },
          {
            "code": "722219",
            "description": "Bars and rods, not further worked than hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "722220",
            "description": "Bars and rods, not further worked than cold-formed or cold-finished"
          },
          {
            "code": "722230",
            "description": "Other bars and rods"
          },
          {
            "code": "722240",
            "description": "Angles, shapes and sections"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "7223",
        "description": "Wire of stainless steel",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "722300",
            "description": "Wire of stainless steel"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "7224",
        "description": "Other alloy steel in ingots or other primary forms; semi-finished products of other alloy steel",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "722410",
            "description": "Ingots and other primary forms"
          },
          {
            "code": "722490",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "7225",
        "description": "Flat-rolled products of other alloy steel, of a width of 600mm or more",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "722511",
            "description": "Of silicon-electrical steel: Grain-oriented"
          },
          {
            "code": "722519",
            "description": "Of silicon-electrical steel: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "722530",
            "description": "Other, not further worked than hot-rolled, in coils"
          },
          {
            "code": "722540",
            "description": "Other, not further worked than hot-rolled, not in coils"
          },
          {
            "code": "722550",
            "description": "Other, not further worked than cold-rolled (cold-reduced)"
          },
          {
            "code": "722591",
            "description": "Other: Electrolytically plated or coated with zinc"
          },
          {
            "code": "722592",
            "description": "Other: Otherwise plated or coated with zinc"
          },
          {
            "code": "722599",
            "description": "Other: Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "7226",
        "description": "Flat-rolled products of other alloy steel, of a width of less than 600 mm",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "722611",
            "description": "Of silicon-electrical steel: Grain-oriented"
          },
          {
            "code": "722619",
            "description": "Of silicon-electrical steel: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "722620",
            "description": "Of high speed steel"
          },
          {
            "code": "722691",
            "description": "Other: Not further worked than hot-rolled"
          },
          {
            "code": "722692",
            "description": "Other: Not further worked than cold-rolled (cold-reduced)"
          },
          {
            "code": "722699",
            "description": "Other: Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "7227",
        "description": "Bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, of other alloy steel",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "722710",
            "description": "Of high speed steel"
          },
          {
            "code": "722720",
            "description": "Of silico-manganese steel"
          },
          {
            "code": "722790",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "7228",
        "description": "Other bars and rods of other alloy steel; angles, shapes and sections, of other alloy steel; hollow drill bars and rods, of alloy or non-alloy steel",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "722810",
            "description": "Bars and rods, of high speed steel"
          },
          {
            "code": "722820",
            "description": "Bars and rods, of silico-manganese steel"
          },
          {
            "code": "722830",
            "description": "Other bars and rods, not further worked than hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded"
          },
          {
            "code": "722840",
            "description": "Other bars and rods, not further worked than forged"
          },
          {
            "code": "722850",
            "description": "Other bars and rods, not further worked than cold-formed or cold- finished"
          },
          {
            "code": "722860",
            "description": "Other bars and rods"
          },
          {
            "code": "722870",
            "description": "Angles, shapes and sections"
          },
          {
            "code": "722880",
            "description": "Hollow drill bars and rods"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "7229",
        "description": "Wire of other alloy steel",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "722920",
            "description": "Of silico-manganese steel"
          },
          {
            "code": "722990",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
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      "description": "Natural or cultured pearls, precious or semi-precious stones, precious metals, metals clad with precious metal, and articles thereof; imitation jewellery; coin",
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