{
  "summary": "HS chapter 48 covers paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, of paper or of paperboard. It has 22 headings, 48.01 to 48.23, and 101 six-digit subheadings in HS2022. Chapter 47, before it, covers pulp of wood or of other fibrous cellulosic material; recovered (waste and scrap) paper or paperboard; chapter 49, after it, covers printed books, newspapers, pictures and other products of the printing industry; manuscripts, typescripts and plans.",
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-13",
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      "label": "Chapter",
      "value": "48",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #1"
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      "label": "Description",
      "value": "Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, of paper or of paperboard",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #1"
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      "value": "22",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #1"
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      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #1"
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      "value": "HS2022",
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      "question": "What does HS chapter 48 cover?",
      "answer": "HS chapter 48 covers paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, of paper or of paperboard."
    },
    {
      "question": "How many headings and subheadings are in HS chapter 48?",
      "answer": "HS chapter 48 has 22 headings and 101 six-digit subheadings in HS2022."
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      "title": "What this chapter covers",
      "text": [
        "HS chapter 48 covers paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, of paper or of paperboard.",
        "It has 22 headings, 48.01 to 48.23, and 101 six-digit subheadings in HS2022."
      ]
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    {
      "id": "not-covered",
      "title": "What it doesn’t cover",
      "text": [
        "Chapter 47, before it, covers pulp of wood or of other fibrous cellulosic material; recovered (waste and scrap) paper or paperboard; chapter 49, after it, covers printed books, newspapers, pictures and other products of the printing industry; manuscripts, typescripts and plans."
      ]
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      "id": "structure",
      "title": "How it is structured",
      "text": [
        "Chapter 48 is the first level of the Harmonized System. Its headings add two digits to the chapter number (48.01), and each heading's subheadings add two more."
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      "id": "other-countries",
      "title": "In other countries",
      "text": [
        "No national tariff lines in chapter 48 are live on border.bot yet. Tariffs built on the Harmonized System use these headings and subheadings and add their own digits after the first six."
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      "title": "Sources and updates",
      "text": [
        "The Harmonized System legal text comes from border.bot release 1 (edition HS 2022), imported from a file, and has been live since 13 October 2026.",
        "This page was last updated on 13 October 2026.",
        "Guidance from published tariff data, not a binding ruling. For a decision customs must follow, apply to the destination’s customs authority for a binding tariff ruling."
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    }
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        "code": "4823",
        "description": "Other paper, paperboard, cellulose wadding and webs of cellulose fibres, cut to size or shape; other articles of paper pulp, paper, paperboard, cellulose wadding or webs of cellulose fibres",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "482390",
            "description": "Other"
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      "description": "Printed books, newspapers, pictures and other products of the printing industry; manuscripts, typescripts and plans",
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      {
        "dataset": "GLOBAL:hs",
        "country": "GLOBAL",
        "kind": "hs",
        "seq": 1,
        "version": "mytraddal hs2022.csv (HS 2022)",
        "liveAt": "2026-10-13T08:43:06.218Z",
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  "code": "48",
  "attribution": "border.bot tariff reference (border.bot), compiled from the official publishers named on each page.",
  "terms": "https://staging.border.bot/legal/terms",
  "notice": "Guidance from published tariff data, not a binding ruling. For a decision customs must follow, apply to the destination’s customs authority for a binding tariff ruling.",
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